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【新时代新征程新伟业】四川：职业教育让“职业农民”涌现 培养更多“田园明星”******
中新网眉山12月21日电 (王利文 岳依桐)冬日，四川省眉山市东坡区金光村一片“稻虾共生”基地内，34岁的养殖户万刚正与几名工人蓄水平田，为来年好收成做准备。他毕业于一所高校现代农业技术专业，2016年回乡探索“稻虾共生”模式。目前，他承包的土地平均每亩年产小龙虾300斤、水稻1200斤。
新型“职业农民”万刚回乡探索“稻虾共生”模式。 受访者万刚供图在“天府之国”四川，像万刚这样带着技术和情怀俯身于田间地头的新型职业农民正逐年增多，他们将专业技能巧妙融合于脚下的土地，用创新赋能产业发展。新型职业农民的兴起，只是四川发力打造新时代更高水平“天府粮仓”工作成效的缩影，经人才和科技的“加码”，巴蜀大地沃野千里，生机勃勃。
“这些人才大多来自乡镇，对土地有着天然的亲近感。他们懂农、知农、爱农，到三农一线能沉得下去、留得下来，所学知识和技能也非常实用。”眉山职业技术学院党委书记代贤军表示，作为四川省首批新型职业农民试点3所高校之一，学院近年来开展了田园明星、农业经理人、新型职业农民、基层农技人员等相关培训，参与者2万余人次。
随着农业发展潜力不断凸显，选择农业专业的学生也越来越多。为让学生更“接地气”，眉山职业技术学院将教学内容与生产实践结合，学习任务与田间生产任务直接挂钩，课堂和田间教学时间达到1比1。该校农业教研室主任魏文武举例道，“认识病虫害的课程中，我们要求学生到田间地头找虫捉虫，通过实操识别分析病虫害。”
眉山职业技术学院师生在开展教学实践。 陈航 摄在食用菌栽培学课程上亲自培育出羊肚菌后，眉山职业技术学院农业技术系学生王杰平迸发了灵感：能否将该技术运用到自家葡萄地里？“可以利用每年10月葡萄园清园后土地的空置期来种植羊肚菌，帮助家里增产增收。”在农村长大的他对土地有感情，每天与泥土打交道也让他感到“踏实”，“未来我想从事农业相关工作，一分耕耘一分收获。”
眉山市东坡区太和镇永丰村，3100亩的高标准农田在四川省率先实现水稻“耕、种、播、收”全程机械化生产。作为四川标准化程度最高的高标准农田示范样板之一，其背后离不开专业人才和创新技术的“加码”，眉山职业技术学院参与研发的多项技术也在这片农田得以运用。
据介绍，该校研究集成推广的机直播稻“齐芽全苗”技术、化肥减量技术、农药减量技术等30余项技术在眉山多个乡镇“开花结果”，累计节省成本7538.63万元(人民币，下同)、累计增收节支20531.46万元。
在代贤军看来，职业教育不仅是科技和人才重要的供给者、服务者、支撑者，其在科技的转化、应用、推广等环节发挥着独特的纽带作用，架起了基础科研到现实生产之间的桥梁。
眉山职业技术学院师生在开展教学实践。 陈航 摄四川这个西部大省正以种业振兴为重点强化农业科技创新、以园区为载体推进现代农业体系建设，利用科技和人才这两把关键“钥匙”，助推农业发展开创新局面。
“农民早已不等于面朝黄土背朝天，而是一份不用背井离乡也能实现价值、创造价值的体面职业。”站在400亩的水田中，万刚对未来充满憧憬和信心，他手指前方，“以往3名工人3小时才能完成的投食工作，无人机半小时就能解决。我准备用5年时间将目前400余亩的生产面积扩大到2000亩，为家乡建设贡献更多力量。”(完)
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。  资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。 因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。 日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence. 
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